Indasteri ea polyurethane: phihlello e phahameng, pokello e boima
Nalane ea Nts'etsopele ea Indasteri ea Polyurethane
Polyurethane (PU) ke resin ea polymer e entsoeng ke condensation polymerization ea lik'hemik'hale tsa mantlha tsa isocyanate le polyol.Polyurethane e na le melemo ea matla a phahameng, ho hanyetsa abrasion, ho hanyetsa meokho, ts'ebetso e ntle ea flexural, ho hanyetsa oli le ho lumellana hantle ha mali.E sebelisoa haholo malapeng, lisebelisoa tsa ntlo, lipalangoang, kaho, litlhoko tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le liindasteri tse ling, 'me ke thepa ea bohlokoa ea boenjiniere.Ka 1937, setsebi sa k'hemistri sa Jeremane Bayer se sebelisitse polyaddition reaction ea 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate le 1,4-butanediol ho etsa linear polyamide resin, e ileng ea bula lipatlisiso le tšebeliso ea resin ea polyamide.Nakong ea Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše, Jeremane e thehile setsi sa liteko sa polyamide se nang le bokhoni bo itseng ba tlhahiso.Ka mor'a Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše, United States, Brithani, Japane le linaha tse ling li ile tsa hlahisa theknoloji ea Jeremane ho qala tlhahiso le nts'etsopele ea polyurethane, 'me indasteri ea polyurethane e ile ea qala ho hōla lefatšeng ka bophara.naha ea heso e entse lipatlisiso ka boikemelo le ho hlahisa resin ea polyurethane ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-1960, 'me joale e se e le mohlahisi le moreki oa polyurethane lefatšeng ka bophara.
Polyurethane e arotsoe ka mofuta oa polyester le mofuta oa polyether.Sebopeho sa polyurethane monomer se khethoa haholo ke lisebelisoa tse tala le thepa e shebiloeng.Mofuta oa polyester o thehoa ka karabelo ea polyester polyol le isocyanate.Ke ea sebopeho se thata 'me hangata se sebelisetsoa ho hlahisa seponche se foamed, topcoat le lakane ea polasetiki e thata haholo le boima.Mofuta oa polyether o fumanoa ka karabelo ea polyether mofuta oa polyol le isocyanate, 'me sebopeho sa limolek'hule ke karolo e bonolo.Hangata e sebelisoa ho hlahisa k'hothone ea memori ea elastic le cushion-proof-proof cushion.Mekhoa e mengata ea hona joale ea tlhahiso ea polyurethane remix polyester le polyether polyols ka tekanyo ho netefatsa hore lihlahisoa li fetoha habonolo.Lisebelisoa tsa mantlha tsa polyurethane synthesis ke isocyanates le polyols.Isocyanate ke lentsoe le akaretsang bakeng sa li-ester tse sa tšoaneng tsa isocyanic acid, tse khetholloang ka palo ea lihlopha tsa -NCO, ho akarelletsa le monoisocyanate RN = C = O, diisocyanate O = C = NRN = C = O le polyisocyanate joalo-joalo;e ka boela ea aroloa ka li-isocyanate tsa aliphatic le li-isocyanate tse nkhang hamonate.Li-isocyanate tse nkhang hamonate hajoale li sebelisoa ka bongata bo boholo, joalo ka diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) le toluene diisocyanate (TDI).MDI le TDI ke mefuta ea bohlokoa ea isocyanate.
Ketane ea indasteri ea polyurethane le ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso
Lisebelisoa tse tala tsa polyurethane haholo-holo ke li-isocyanate le polyols.Lihlahisoa tsa mantlha tse bohareng li kenyelletsa polasetiki ea foam, li-elastomers, polasetiki ea fiber, likhoele, li-resin tsa letlalo la lieta, likoahelo, likhomaretsi le li-sealants le lihlahisoa tse ling tsa resin.Lihlahisoa tse tlase li kenyelletsa lisebelisoa tsa ntlo, lisebelisoa tsa lapeng, lipalangoang, kaho, le litlhoko tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le liindasteri tse ling.
Indasteri ea polyurethane e na le litšitiso tse phahameng tsa theknoloji, chelete, bareki, tsamaiso le talenta, 'me indasteri e na le litšitiso tse phahameng tsa ho kena.
1) Litšitiso tsa tekheniki le tsa lichelete.Tlhahiso ea li-isocyanate tse holimo ke sehokelo se nang le litšitiso tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa tsa tekheniki ho ketane ea indasteri ea polyurethane.Haholo-holo, MDI e nkoa e le e 'ngoe ea lihlahisoa tse ngata tse nang le litšitiso tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa indastering ea lik'hemik'hale.Tsela ea maiketsetso ea isocyanate e batla e le telele, ho kenyelletsa le nitration reaction, reduction reaction, acidification reaction, joalo-joalo Mokhoa oa Phosgene hajoale ke theknoloji e kholo ea tlhahiso ea liindasteri tsa isocyanate, hape ke eona feela mokhoa o ka hlokomelang tlhahiso e kholo ea li-isocyanate. li-isocyanate.Leha ho le joalo, phosgene e chefo haholo, 'me karabelo e lokela ho etsoa tlas'a maemo a matla a acid, a hlokang lisebelisoa tse phahameng le ts'ebetso.Ho phaella moo, metsoako ea isocyanate e kang MDI le TDI e bonolo ho itšoara ka metsi le ho senyeha, 'me ka nako e ts'oanang, sebaka sa leqhoa se tlaase, e leng phephetso e kholo ho theknoloji ea tlhahiso.2) Litšitiso tsa bareki.Boleng ba thepa ea polyurethane bo tla ama ka kotloloho ts'ebetso ea lihlahisoa liindastering tse fapaneng tse tlase.Bareki ba fapaneng ba ke ke ba fetola barekisi habonolo ka mor'a hore ba iketsetse litšobotsi tsa sehlahisoa sa bona, kahoo e tla theha lithibelo ho batho ba bacha ba kenang indastering.3) Litšitiso tsa tsamaiso le litalenta.E shebane le litlhoko tsa mohlala oa sehlahisoa sa bareki ba tlase, indasteri ea polyurethane e hloka ho theha sete e felletseng ea lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele tsa ho reka, tlhahiso, thekiso le lits'ebeletso, mme ka nako e ts'oanang, e hloka ho hlaolela litsebi tsa maemo a holimo tse nang le boiphihlelo bo bongata ba taolo ea tlhahiso. le litšitiso tse phahameng tsa tsamaiso.
Litlhaloso tsa MDI: Tlhokahalo e hlaphoheloa, litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa matla li ka fokotsa phepelo ea mose ho maoatle
Tloaelo ea theko ea nalane ea MDI le tlhahlobo ea cyclical
Tlhahiso ea lehae ea MDI e qalile lilemong tsa bo-1960, empa e fokotsoe ke boemo ba theknoloji, tlhokahalo ea malapeng e itšetlehile haholo ka thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling 'me litheko li phahame.Ho tloha qalong ea lekholo la bo21 la lilemo, ha Wanhua Chemical e ntse e tseba butle-butle theknoloji ea mantlha ea tlhahiso ea MDI, matla a tlhahiso a ile a atoloha ka potlako, phepelo ea malapeng e ile ea qala ho ama litheko, 'me cyclicality ea litheko tsa MDI ea qala ho hlaha.Ho latela tlhokomeliso ea litheko tsa nalane, mokhoa oa theko ea MDI e kopaneng e tšoana le ea MDI e hloekileng, 'me potoloho ea ho ea holimo kapa tlase ea theko ea MDI e ka ba lilemo tse 2-3.58.1% quantile, theko e tloaelehileng ea beke le beke e eketsehile ka 6.9%, theko ea khoeli le khoeli e fokotsehile ka 2.4%, 'me ho fokotseha ha selemo ho fihlela joale e ne e le 10.78%;MDI e hloekileng e koetsoe ho 21,500 yuan / ton, ka 55.9% quantile ea theko ea histori, ka karolelano ea beke le beke ea keketseho ea theko ea 4.4%, theko ea khoeli le khoeli e theohile ka 2.3%, 'me keketseho ea selemo ho fihlela joale e ne e le 3.4%.Mokhoa oa phetisetso ea theko ea MDI o batla o le boreleli, 'me ntlha e phahameng ea theko hangata ke ntlha e phahameng ea ho hasana.Re lumela hore potoloho ena ea ho nyoloha ha litheko tsa MDI e qala ka Phupu 2020, haholo-holo e amanang le phello ea seoa le matla a mose ho maoatle ho sekhahla sa ts'ebetso.Theko e tloaelehileng ea MDI ka 2022 e lebelletsoe ho lula e le holimo haholo.
Ho tsoa ho data ea nalane, ha ho na linako tse hlakileng tsa selemo ho litheko tsa MDI.Ka 2021, theko e phahameng ea MDI e kopaneng e tla hlaha karolong ea pele le ea bone.Ho thehoa ha theko e phahameng kotareng ea pele haholo-holo ka lebaka la Mokete oa Selemo o atamelang, ho fokotseha ha sekhahla sa ts'ebetso ea indasteri le ho tsepamisa mohopolo oa bahlahisi ba tlaase pele ho mokete.Ho thehoa ha litheko tse phahameng karolong ea bone haholo-holo ho tsoa ho tšehetso ea litšenyehelo tlas'a "taolo e habeli ea tšebeliso ea matla".Karolelano ea theko ea MDI e kopaneng kotareng ea pele ea 2022 e ne e le 20,591 yuan/ton, e theohile ka 0.9% ho tloha kotara ea bone ea 2021;Theko e tloaelehileng ea MDI e hloekileng kotareng ea pele e ne e le 22,514 yuan/ton, e nyolohile ka 2.2% ho tloha kotara ea bone ea 2021.
Litheko tsa MDI li lebelletsoe ho lula li tiile ka 2022. Karolelano ea theko ea MDI e kopaneng (Yantai Wanhua, East China) ka 2021 e tla ba 20,180 yuan/ton, keketseho ea selemo le selemo ea 35.9% le 69.1% quantile ea nalane. theko.Mathoasong a 2021, boemo ba leholimo bo matla mose ho maoatle bo ne bo etsahala khafetsa, seoa se ile sa ama lipalangoang tsa kantle ho naha, 'me litheko tsa MDI mose ho maoatle li ile tsa phahama haholo.Leha litheko tsa MDI hajoale li phahame hanyane ho feta tsa nalane ea nalane, re lumela hore potoloho ena ea ho nyoloha ha theko ea MDI ha e so fele.Litheko tse phahameng tsa oli le khase li tšehetsa litšenyehelo tsa MDI, ha bokhoni bo bocha ba tlhahiso ea MDI ka 2022 bo lekanyelitsoe mme phepelo ea kakaretso e ntse e le thata, kahoo litheko li lebelletsoe ho lula li tiile.
Phepelo: Katoloso e tsitsitseng, keketseho e fokolang ka 2022
Lebelo la keketseho ea tlhahiso ea Wanhua Chemical le potlakile haholo ho feta la bahlolisani ba machabeng.E le k'hamphani ea pele ea malapeng ho tseba theknoloji ea mantlha ea tlhahiso ea MDI, Wanhua Chemical e fetohile mohlahisi e moholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng oa MDI.Ka 2021, kakaretso ea lefats'e ea tlhahiso ea MDI e tla ba lithane tse limilione tse 10.24, 'me matla a macha a tlhahiso a tla tsoa ho Wanhua Chemical.Kabelo ea 'maraka oa lefats'e oa tlhahiso ea Wanhua Chemical e fihlile ho 25.9%.Ka 2021, kakaretso ea tlhahiso ea MDI ea malapeng e tla ba lithane tse limilione tse 3.96, 'me tlhahiso e tla ba lithane tse limilione tse 2.85, e leng keketseho ea 27.8% ha e bapisoa le tlhahiso ea 2020. Ntle le ho angoa ke seoa sena ka 2020, malapeng. Tlhahiso ea MDI e bolokile khōlo e potlakileng lilemong tsa morao tjena, e nang le CAGR ea 10.3% ho tloha 2017 ho ea ho 2021. Ho ea ka pono ea lebelo la ho atolosa lefats'e nakong e tlang, keketseho e kholo e ntse e tla tsoa ho Wanhua Chemical, 'me morero oa ho atolosa malapeng o tla ho kenngwa tshebetsong pele ho dinaha tsa kantle.Ka May 17, ho ea ka websaeteng ea molao ea Shaanxi Chemical Construction, Gao Jiancheng, mongoli oa mokha le molula-setulo oa k'hamphani, o ile a memeloa ho ea kopanong ea ntlafatso ea morero oa Wanhua Chemical (Fujian) MDI, 'me a saena lengolo la boikarabelo ba morero oa tsoelo-pele le Wanhua Chemical. (Fujian) ho netefatsa Ho fihlella sepheo sa tlhahiso ea morero ka la 30 Pulungoana 2022.
Tlhokahalo: Sekhahla sa kholo se phahame ho feta phepelo, 'me lisebelisoa tsa moaho le liboto tse se nang formaldehyde li tlisa kholo e ncha.
Kholo ea tlhoko ea MDI ea lefats'e e lebelletsoe ho feta kholo ea phepelo.Ho latela data ea Covestro, phepelo ea MDI ea lefats'e ka 2021 e ka ba lithane tse limilione tse 9.2, ka CAGR ea 4% ka 2021-2026;tlhoko ea lefats'e ea MDI e ka ba lithane tse limilione tse 8.23, 'me CAGR ea 6% ka 2021-2026.Ho latela lintlha tsa Huntsman, matla a lefats'e a MDI CAGR ke 2.9% ka 2020-2025, mme tlhoko ea lefats'e ea MDI CAGR e ka bang 5-6% ka 2020-2025, eo matla a tlhahiso ea Asia a tla eketseha ho tloha ho lithane tse limilione tse 5 ka 2020. ho isa ho 2025 lithane tse limilione tse 6.2, indasteri ea polyurethane e na le tšepo mabapi le tlhokahalo ea MDI lilemong tse hlano tse tlang.
Re ntse re na le tšepo mabapi le boemo ba nako e telele ba MDI ea ho romela thepa ka ntle.Ho latela pono ea sebopeho sa thomello ka 2021, United States ke eona morekisi ea ka sehloohong oa MDI ea naha ea heso, 'me bophahamo ba thomello ka 2021 bo tla fihla ho lithane tse 282,000, keketseho ea selemo le selemo ea 122.9%.Zhejiang, Shandong le Shanghai ke liprofinse tse ka sehloohong tse romelang thepa (libaka) naheng ea heso, tseo palo ea tsona ea thepa ea Zhejiang e fihlileng ho lithane tse 597,000, keketseho ea selemo le selemo ea 78.7%;Palo ea thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha ea Shandong e fihlile ho lithane tse 223,000, keketseho ea selemo le selemo ea 53.7%.Ho latela lintlha tse tlase tsa thekiso ea matlo le meaho, theko ea thekiso ea matlo a macha United States e feta nakong ea ho hlaphoheloa ka mor'a lefu la seoa, matsete a thekiso ea matlo le meaho a ka ba le liphetoho tse nyane, 'me ho hlaphoheloa ha tlhokahalo ea thekiso ea matlo ho lebelletsoe ho eketsa tlhoko ea MDI. .
Phaello e felletseng ea phaello ea Wanhua Chemical kotara e na le papali e ntle le ho ata ha theko ea MDI e kopaneng kotareng.Lintho tse ka sehloohong tse tala tsa MDI ke aniline.Ka palo ea phapang ea theko ea theory, ho ka fumanoa hore theko ea MDI ea polymerized e na le mochine o motle oa phetisetso, 'me theko e phahameng hangata ke phapang e phahameng ea theko.Ka nako e ts'oanang, ho ata ha theko ea MDI e kopaneng ho na le papali e ntle le phaello e felletseng ea Wanhua Chemical kotara, 'me phetoho ea phaello e felletseng likarolong tse ling e lags ka mor'a phetoho ea theko, kapa e amana le lethathamo la lihlahisoa tsa likhoebo.
Litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa matla li ka 'na tsa tsoela pele ho fokotsa phepelo ea MDI mose ho maoatle.Lichelete tsa Xinhua, Frankfurt, June 13th, molaoli oa matla oa Jeremane Klaus Müller, hlooho ea Federal Network Agency, o boletse hore Pipeline ea Nord Stream 1 Baltic Pipeline e tla etsa tlhokomelo lehlabula, 'me phepelo ea khase ea tlhaho ho tloha Russia ho ea Jeremane le Europe Bophirimela e tla ho fokotseha nakong ea selemo.e ka theohang haholo.Bokhoni ba tlhahiso ea MDI ea Europe bo nka karolo ea 30% ea kakaretso ea lefats'e.Kabo e ntseng e tsoela pele e tiileng ea matla a mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale e ka qobella baetsi ba MDI mose ho maoatle ho fokotsa moroalo oa bona, 'me thepa ea lehae ea MDI e ka tlisa keketseho hlabula.
Wanhua e na le melemo e totobetseng ea litšenyehelo.Ho latela palo ea nalane ea litheko tsa oli e tala / khase ea tlhaho le litšenyehelo tsa thekiso ea lik'hamphani tse kholo tsa polyurethane, mokhoa oa theko ea thekiso ea lik'hamphani tsa mose ho maoatle o haufi le oa litheko tsa oli e tala le khase ea tlhaho.Sekhahla sa keketseho ea Wanhua Chemical se phahame ho feta sa lik'hamphani tsa mose ho maoatle, kapa phello ea litšenyehelo tsa thepa e tala e fokola ho feta ea lik'hamphani tsa mose ho maoatle.lik'hamphani tsa mose ho maoatle.Ho latela pono ea moralo oa ketane ea indasteri, Wanhua Chemical le BASF, tse nang le ketane ea indasteri ea petrochemical mme li na le melemo e hlakileng ea kopanyo, li na le melemo ea litšenyehelo ho feta Covestro le Huntsman.
Khahlanong le semelo sa litheko tse ntseng li phahama tsa matla, melemo ea ho kopanya e ntse e fumana tlhokomelo e eketsehileng.Ho ea ka lintlha tsa Huntsman, ka 2024, k'hamphani e rera ho phethahatsa morero oa ho ntlafatsa litšenyehelo tsa US $ 240 milione, eo ho ntlafatsa sebaka sa semela sa polyurethane ho tla kenya letsoho ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa US $ 60 milione.Ho ea ka Covestro, keketseho ea lekeno le tsoang mererong ea kopanyo e tla ba li-euro tse limilione tse 120 ka 2025, eo merero ea ho ntlafatsa litšenyehelo e tla kenya letsoho ho pota li-euro tse limilione tse 80.
Mmaraka oa TDI: Sephetho sa 'nete se tlase ho feta kamoo ho neng ho lebelletsoe, 'me ho na le sebaka se lekaneng sa ho phahamisa litheko
Tloaelo ea nalane ea litheko tsa TDI le tlhahlobo ea cyclical
Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea TDI e batla e rarahane, 'me sehlahisoa se na le chefo e phahameng' me se ka tuka ebile se phatloha ho feta MDI.Ho latela tlhokomeliso ea litheko tsa nalane, mokhoa oa litheko tsa TDI le MDI oa tšoana empa ho fetoha hoa bonahala haholo, kapa ho amana le ho se tsitse ha tlhahiso ea TDI.Ho tloha ka la 17 Phuptjane 2022, TDI (Chaena Bochabela) e koetsoe ho 17,200 yuan/ton, ka palo ea 31.1% ea litheko tsa nalane, ka keketseho ea theko ea beke le beke ea 1.3%, keketseho ea theko ea khoeli le khoeli ea 0.9%, le selemo. -ho fihlela joale keketseho ea 12.1%.Ho ea ka pono ea cyclical, potoloho ea holimo kapa tlase ea litheko tsa TDI le eona e ka ba lilemo tse 2-3.Ha ho bapisoa le MDI, litheko tsa TDI le litšenyehelo li feto-fetoha haholo, 'me litheko li kotsing ea ho qobella majeure le litaba tse ling ka nako e khuts'oane.Potoloho ena ea TDI ho ea holimo e ka qala ho tloha ka Mmesa 2020, e amanang haholo le botsitso bo bobe ba lits'ebetso tsa TDI le tlhahiso ea 'nete e tlase ho feta e neng e lebelletsoe.Ha ho bapisoa le MDI, theko ea hajoale ea TDI e maemong a tlase ho ea ka nalane, 'me boemo bo ka ba bo hlakileng haholoanyane.
Litheko tsa TDI li lebelletsoe ho tsoela pele ho nyoloha ka 2022. Karolelano ea theko ea TDI (Chaena Bochabela) ka 2021 ke 14,189 yuan/ton, keketseho ea 18.5% selemo le selemo, 'me e ho quantile ea 22.9% ea theko ea nalane. .Theko e phahameng ea litheko tsa TDI ka 2021 e ne e le kotareng ea pele, haholo-holo ka lebaka la hore bahlahisi ba tlase ba ne ba bokelletse pele ho matsatsi a phomolo, lisebelisoa tsa mose ho maoatle le phepelo ea tlhokomelo li ne li fokola, mme thepa ea indasteri e ne e le maemong a tlase selemong.Karolelano ea theko ea TDI karolong ea pele ea 2022 ke 18,524 yuan/ton, keketseho ea 28.4% ho tloha karolong ea bone ea 2021. Ha ho bapisoa le MDI, theko ea TDI e ntse e le boemong bo tlaase historing, 'me ho na le kamore e kholo bakeng sa theko e holimo.
Mokhoa oa phepelo le tlhokahalo: tekano ea nako e telele e tiileng, botsitso ba lisebelisoa bo ama tlhahiso ea 'nete
Hajoale, leha matla a tlhahiso ea TDI lefatšeng ka bophara a fetelletse, sekhahla sa kholo ea tlhoko se feta sekhahla sa kholo ea phepelo, 'me phepelo ea nako e telele le tlhokahalo ea TDI e ka boloka botsitso bo tiileng.Ho latela lintlha tsa Covestro, phepelo ea TDI ea lefats'e e ka ba lithane tse limilione tse 3.42, ka CAGR ea 2% ka 2021-2026;tlhoko ea lefats'e ea TDI e ka ba lithane tse limilione tse 2.49, 'me CAGR ea 5% ka 2021-2026.
Tlas'a semelo sa bokhoni bo feteletseng, bahlahisi ba atolosa tlhahiso ka hloko.Ha e bapisoa le MDI, TDI e na le merero e fokolang ea ho atolosa bokhoni, 'me ha ho na keketseho ea bokhoni ho 2020 le 2021. Keketseho e kholo lilemong tse peli tse latelang e tla boela e tsoa ho Wanhua Chemical, e rerileng ho atolosa matla a lithane tse 100,000 / selemo ho Fujian 250,000 lithane / selemo.Morero o kenyelletsa yuniti ea nitrification ea lithane tsa 305,000 / selemo, hydrogenation unit ea lithane tse 200,000 / selemo, le mochine oa photochemical oa lithane tse 250,000 / selemo;ka mor'a hore morero o fihlele tlhahiso, ho lebeletsoe ho hlahisa lithane tse 250,000 tsa TDI, lithane tse 6,250 tsa OTDA, lithane tse 203,660 tsa hydrogen chloride e omileng le hydrochloric acid.70,400 lithane.Ho ea ka webosaete ea semmuso ea Mmuso oa Batho ba Masepala oa Fuqing, morero oa katoloso o fumane seteishene sa ho kenya le ho tsamaisa thepa ea TDI, laesense ea kaho ea phaposi ea khabinete ea TDI, le laesense ea kaho ea sehatsetsi sa TDI.E lebelletsoe ho qala ts'ebetso ka 2023.
Botsitso bo bobe ba lisebelisoa bo ama tlhahiso ea sebele.Ho latela data ea Baichuan Yingfu, tlhahiso ea TDI ea lapeng ka 2021 e tla ba lithane tse limilione tse 1.137, e tsamaellanang le sekhahla sa ts'ebetso sa selemo le selemo se ka bang 80%.Leha matla a tlhahiso ea TDI ea lefats'e a batla a fetelletse, ka 2021, lits'ebeletso tsa TDI lapeng le kantle ho naha li tla angoa ka maemo a fapaneng ke boemo ba leholimo bo feteletseng, phepelo ea thepa e tala le liphoso tsa tekheniki, tlhahiso ea 'nete e tla ba tlase ho feta kamoo ho neng ho lebelletsoe, mme lethathamo la indasteri le tla ba tlase ho feta kamoo ho neng ho lebelletsoe. tsoela pele ho fokotseha.Ho ea ka Baichuan Yingfu, ka la 9 Phuptjane 2022, e anngoeng ke seteraeke sa bakhanni ba literaka ba lehae Korea Boroa, lisebelisoa tsa lehae tsa Hanwha TDI (lithane tse 50,000 ka sete) li ile tsa fokotsoa, mme ho tsamaisoa ha mehloli ea Kumho MDI ho ile ha lieha, e leng ho ileng ha lieha. e amme thepa ea morao-rao ea polyurethane ho isa bohōleng bo itseng.ho ea koung.Ka nako e ts'oanang, lifeme tse ngata li lebelletsoe ho nchafatsoa ka Phuptjane, 'me phepelo eohle ea TDI e tiile.
Ho latela data ea Baichuan Yingfu, tšebeliso ea 'nete ea TDI ka 2021 e tla ba lithane tse ka bang 829,000, keketseho ea selemo le selemo ea 4.12%.TDI e tlase haholo ke lihlahisoa tsa seponche tse kang thepa ea ka tlung.Ka 2021, seponche le lihlahisoa li tla ikarabella bakeng sa 72% ea ts'ebeliso ea TDI.Ho tloha ka 2022, sekhahla sa kholo ea tlhokeho ea TDI se theohile, empa joalo ka ha metsi a tlase joalo ka thepa ea ka tlung le masela a fola butle-butle ho tloha seoa sena, ts'ebeliso ea TDI e lebelletsoe ho tsoela pele ho hola.
ADI le li-isocyanate tse ling tse ikhethang: limmaraka tse ncha le tse ntseng li hlaha
'Maraka oa ADI tšimong ea li-coatings o buloa butle-butle
Ha ho bapisoa le li-isocyanate tse nkhang hamonate, aliphatic le alicyclic isocyanates (ADI) li na le litšobotsi tsa ho hanyetsa boemo ba leholimo bo matla le ho fokotseha ho fokolang.Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) ke ADI e tloaelehileng, e se nang 'mala kapa e mosehla hanyenyane,' me ke viscosity e tlaase, mokelikeli o monko o monate mocheso oa kamore.E le thepa e tala bakeng sa tlhahiso ea polyurethane, HDI e sebelisoa haholo-holo ha ho etsoa li-varnish tsa polyurethane (PU) le liaparo tsa boemo bo phahameng, liphahlo tsa ho hloekisa likoloi, liphahlo tsa polasetiki, liaparo tsa lehong tsa boemo bo phahameng, liaparo tsa indasteri le tse thibelang ho bola. hammoho le li-elastomers, li-adhesives, li-textile finishing agents, joalo-joalo Ntle le ho hanyetsa oli le ho roala, seaparo sa PU se fumanoeng se na le litšobotsi tsa ho se be mosehla, ho boloka mebala, ho hanyetsa tjhoko, le ho hanyetsa ka ntle.Ho phaella moo, e boetse e sebelisoa ka moemeli oa ho phekola pente, sekhomaretsi se phahameng sa polymer, sekhomaretsi sa mocheso o tlaase bakeng sa ho hatisa pente, collar copolymer coating, sekhomaretsi se tsitsitseng sa enzyme, joalo-joalo Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) le eona ke ADI e sebelisoang haholo.E le thepa e tala bakeng sa tlhahiso ea polyurethane, IPDI e loketse tlhahiso ea polyurethanes e nang le botsitso bo botle ba leseli, ho hanyetsa boemo ba leholimo le thepa e babatsehang ea mechine.Haholo-holo e loketse tlhahiso ea li-elastomers, li-coatings tse nang le metsi, li-polyurethane dispersants le li-acrylates tse fetotsoeng tsa urethane.
Lisebelisoa tse ling tse tala li romelloa kantle ho naha, 'me theko ea ADI hangata e phahame ho feta ea MDI le TDI.Ho nka HDI ka karolo e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea 'maraka har'a ADIs e le mohlala, hexamethylenediamine ke thepa e ka sehloohong e tala bakeng sa tlhahiso ea HDI.Hona joale, 1 ton ea HDI e hlahisoa 'me hoo e ka bang lithane tse 0.75 tsa hexanediamine lia jeoa.Le hoja sebaka sa sebaka sa adiponitrile le hexamethylene diamine se ntse se tsoela pele, tlhahiso ea hona joale ea HDI e ntse e itšetlehile ka adiponitrile le hexamethylene diamine e tsoang linaheng tse ling, 'me theko ea kakaretso ea sehlahisoa e batla e phahame.Ho ea ka boitsebiso ba Tiantian Chemical Network, theko ea karolelano ea selemo le selemo ea HDI ka 2021 e ka bang 85,547 yuan / tonne, keketseho ea selemo le selemo ea 74.2%;theko ea selemo le selemo ea IPDI e ka bang 76,000 yuan/ton, keketseho ea selemo le selemo ea 9.1%.
Wanhua Chemical e fetohile mohlahisi oa bobeli oa ADI lefatšeng ka bophara
Bokhoni ba tlhahiso ea ADI bo ekelitsoe butle-butle, 'me Wanhua Chemical e entse tsoelo-pele ho HDI le lihlahisoa, IPDI, HMDI le lihlahisoa tse ling.Ho ea ka lintlha tsa Setsi sa Lipatlisiso sa Liindasteri sa Xinsijie, kakaretso ea tlhahiso ea indasteri ea ADI ea lefats'e e tla fihla ho lithane tse 580,000 / selemo ka 2021. Ka lebaka la lithibelo tse phahameng tsa ho kena indastering, ho na le lik'hamphani tse fokolang lefatšeng tse ka hlahisang ADI. ka tekanyo e kholo, haholo-holo ho kopanyelletsa le Covestro, Evonik, BASF Jeremane, Asahi Kasei Japane, Wanhua Chemical, le Rhodia naheng ea Fora, moo Covestro e leng mofani e moholo oa lefatše oa ADI ea nang le matla a selemo a tlhahiso ea lithane tse 220,000, e lateloa ke Wanhua Chemical. ka tlhahiso ea selemo le selemo ea lithane tse ka bang 140,000.Ka semela sa HDI sa Wanhua Ningbo sa 50,000-ton/year HDI se kentsoeng tlhahisong, matla a tlhahiso ea ADI a Wanhua Chemical a tla ntlafatsoa le ho feta.
Li-isocyanate tse khethehileng le tse fetotsoeng li ntse li tsoela pele ho fihlela katleho.Hajoale, li-isocyanate tsa setso tsa naha ea heso (MDI, TDI) li maemong a holimo lefatšeng.Har'a li-isocyanate tsa aliphatic (ADI), HDI, IPDI, HMDI le lihlahisoa tse ling li tseba theknoloji e ikemetseng ea tlhahiso, XDI, PDI le li-isocyanate tse ling tse khethehileng li kene sethaleng sa lifofane, TDI -TMP le li-isocyanate tse ling tse fetotsoeng (li-isocyanate adducts) li entse bohlokoa ba theknoloji. likhahlello.Li-isocyanate tse khethehileng le li-isocyanate tse fetotsoeng ke lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa tse tala bakeng sa tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa tse phahameng tsa polyurethane, 'me li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho ntlafatsa sebopeho sa lihlahisoa tsa polyurethane.Ka tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele ea tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji ea malapeng, Wanhua Chemical le lik'hamphani tse ling le tsona li fihletse katleho ea theknoloji masimong a li-isocyanate tse khethehileng le li-isocyanate adducts, 'me ho lebeletsoe hore e etelle pele lefats'e ka pina e ncha.
Likhoebo tsa polyurethane: ts'ebetso e matla ea ts'ebetso ka 2021, e na le tšepo mabapi le chebo ea 'maraka
Wanhua Chemical
E Thehiloe ka 1998, Wanhua Chemical e sebetsa haholo ho R&D, tlhahiso le thekiso ea lihlahisoa tse felletseng tsa polyurethane tse kang isocyanates le polyols, lihlahisoa tsa petrochemical tse kang acrylic acid le ester, lisebelisoa tse sebetsang joalo ka litlolo tse thehiloeng metsing, le lik'hemik'hale tse ikhethang. .Ke k'hamphani ea pele naheng ea heso ho ba le MDI Ke khamphani e nang le litokelo tse ikemetseng tsa thepa ea bohlale ea theknoloji ea tlhahiso, hape ke mofani oa thepa e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea polyurethane sebakeng sa Asia-Pacific ebile e le moetsi oa MDI oa tlholisano ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng.
Sekala sa bokhoni ba tlhahiso se na le molemo o moholo, 'me se beha bohlokoa ho R&D le popontshwa pele.Ho ea bofelong ba 2021, Wanhua Chemical e na le kakaretso ea tlhahiso ea lithane tse limilione tse 4.16 / selemo sa lihlahisoa tsa polyurethane (ho kenyeletsoa lithane tse limilione tse 2.65 / selemo bakeng sa merero ea MDI, lithane tse 650,000 / selemo bakeng sa merero ea TDI, le lithane tse 860,000 / selemo bakeng sa polyether. merero).Ho tloha bofelong ba 2021, Wanhua Chemical e na le basebetsi ba R&D ba 3,126, ba nkang karolo ea 16% ea kakaretso ea k'hamphani, mme e tsetetse kakaretso ea li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 3.168 ho R&D, e etsang karolo ea 2.18% ea lekeno la eona la ts'ebetso.Nakong ea tlaleho ea 2021, theknoloji ea MDI ea moloko oa botšelela oa Wanhua Chemical e ile ea sebelisoa ka katleho setsing sa Yantai MDI, ho finyella ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng ea lithane tse limilione tse 1.1 ka selemo;thekenoloji e iketselitseng ea hydrogen chloride catalytic oxidation chlorine ea tlhahiso ea chlorine e ne e hōlile ka ho feletseng 'me ea phethoa,' me e ile ea khethoa bakeng sa Mekhoa e Molemo ka ho Fetisisa ea Beke ea Lik'hemik'hale bakeng sa tsoelo-pele e tsitsitseng ka 2021;PO / SM e ikemetseng, theknoloji ea polyether ea DMC e tsoelang pele le letoto le lecha la polyester e nkhang hamonate li entsoe ka katleho indastering, 'me matšoao a sehlahisoa a fihlile boemong ba lihlahisoa tse phahameng.
Kholo ea Wanhua Chemical e betere ho feta ea bahlolisani ba machabeng.Ho rua molemo melemo ea sekala le litšenyehelo, kholo ea selemo le selemo ea lekeno la Wanhua Chemical ka 2021 e phahame haholo ho feta ea bahlolisani ba machabeng, mme lekeno la ts'ebetso kotareng ea pele ea 2022 le tla boloka sekhahla se phahameng sa kholo.Ka ho hlaha hoa melemo e meholo le ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea li-export tsa MDI, Wanhua Chemical e tla tsoelapele ho holisa karolo ea mmaraka ea MDI le ho theha libaka tse ngata tsa kholo ea likarolo tsa petrochemical le lisebelisoa tse ncha.(Mohloli oa tlaleho: Future Think Tank)
BASF (BASF)
BASF SE ke k'hamphani e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea lik'hemik'hale lefatšeng e nang le litšehetso tse fetang 160 kapa likhoebo tse kopanetsoeng linaheng tse 41 tsa Europe, Asia le Amerika.E thehiloe Ludwigshafen, Jeremane, k'hamphani ke setsi se seholo ka ho fetisisa sa lihlahisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale lefatšeng ka bophara.Khoebo ea k'hamphani e akaretsa bophelo bo botle le phepo e nepahetseng (Phepo le Tlhokomelo), litlolo le lidae (Surface Technologies), lik'hemik'hale tsa mantlha (Lik'hemik'hale), lipolasetiki tse sebetsang hantle le li-precursors (Lisebelisoa), li-resin le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa ts'ebetso (Industrial Solutions), temo (Temo. Tharollo) Litharollo) le likarolo tse ling, tseo ho tsona li-isocyanate (MDI le TDI) li leng karolo ea monomer segment (Monomer) karolong e phahameng ea tšebetso ea li-plastic le precursors (Materials), le kakaretso ea tlhahiso ea tlhahiso ea BASF isocyanate (MDI + TDI) ka 2021 e ka ba lithane tse limilione tse 2.62.Ho ea ka tlaleho ea selemo le selemo ea BASF ea 2021, litlolo le lidae ke karolo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea chelete ea k'hamphani, e etsang karolo ea 29 lekholong ea chelete ea eona ka 2021. Matsete a R&D a ka bang limilione tse 296 tsa li-euro, ho kenyelletsa le ho reka le matsete a mang a li-euro tse limilione tse likete tse 1.47;lipolasetiki tse sebetsang hantle haholo le The precursor segment (Materials) ke karolo e nang le karolo ea bobeli e kholo ea lekhetho, e ikarabellang bakeng sa 19% ea lekeno ka 2021, le matsete a R&D a li-euro tse ka bang limilione tse 193, ho kenyeletsoa ho reka le matsete a mang a li-euro tse limilione tse 709.
Mmaraka oa Chaena o ntse o fumana tlhokomelo e eketsehileng.Ho ea ka lintlha tsa BASF, ka 2030, likarolo tse peli ho tse tharo tsa keketseho ea lik'hemik'hale lefatšeng ka bophara li tla tsoa Chaena, 'me tse 9 ho tse 30 tsa merero ea katoloso e senotsoeng tlalehong ea selemo ea 2021 ea BASF e fumaneha naheng ea heso.BASF's Guangdong (Zhanjiang) setsi se kopaneng ke projeke e kholo ea matsete ea mose ho maoatle ho fihlela joale.Ho ea ka phatlalatso ea EIA, chelete eohle ea matsete a morero e ka bang li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 55.362, tseo lichelete tsa kaho li leng li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 50.98.Porojeke e reretswe ho qala kaho kotareng ya pele ya 2022, mme e tla phethelwa mme e kenngwe tshebetsong kotareng ya boraro ya 2025, ka kakaretso ya nako ya kaho e ka bang dikgwedi tse 42.Ka mor'a hore morero o phethoe le ho qala ho sebetsa, chelete e kenang ea selemo le selemo e tla ba li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 23.42, phaello ea selemo le selemo e tla ba li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 5.24, 'me phaello ea selemo le selemo e tla ba li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 3.93.Ho lebeletsoe hore selemo se tloaelehileng sa tlhahiso ea morero ona se tla kenya letsoho ka li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 9.62 tsa boleng bo ekelitsoeng ba indasteri selemo se seng le se seng.
Nako ea poso: Aug-23-2022